Friday, April 16, 2010
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11:09 AM
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Before the arrival of Europeans, the first Nations followed a wide array of mostly animistic religions. The first Europeans to settle in great numbers in Canada were French Latin rite Roman Catholics, including a large number of Jesuits dedicated to converting the natives, an effort that had only limited success.
The first large Protestant communities were formed in the Maritimes after they were conquered by the British. Unable to convince enough British immigrants to go to the region, the government decided to import continental Protestants from Germany and Switzerland to populate the region and counterbalance the Roman Catholic Acadians. This group was known as the Foreign Protestants. This effort proved successful and today the South Shore region of Nova Scotia is still largely Lutheran.
This pattern remained the same after the British conquest of all of New France in 1759. While originally plans to try to convert the Roman Catholic majority were in place, these were abandoned in the face of the American Revolution. The Quebec Act of 1774 acknowledged the rights of the Roman Catholic Church throughout Lower Canada in order to keep the French- Canadians loyal to Britain.
Thursday, April 15, 2010
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12:32 PM
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First Canadian knights of Columbus Council formed in 1897
The first knights of Columbus Council in Canada was formed in Montreal in 1897. For more than a century, the knights of Columbus has thrived in Canada, and today, there are more than 229,500 Canadian members in nearly 1,900 councils throughout Canada 10
Provinces. As knights, members witness to their Catholic faith by serving the Church and engaging in volunteer service to those in need. Canada was a country that held special significance for Knights of Columbus founder Fr. Michael J. McGivney. Even before the knights existed, Fr. McGivney spent significant time in Canada as a seminarian first at St. Hyacinth College in Quebec, and later at St. Mary s College in Montreal.
Just 15 years after the knights of Columbus was founded in New Haven, Conn, the knights took root in Canada with the establishment of Montreal Council No. 284 in 1897. Former Mayer of Montreal James Guerin served as the first Grand knight, and within 12 years, the knights had established councils throughout Canada.
In the 108 years since that first council began in Montreal, the knights of Canada have dedicated themselves to charitable works throughout the country. Among the most notable activities of the knights in Canada was their establishment of Army Huts, which served as homes away from home for Canadian troops at training bases and behind the lines during World War II.
Wednesday, April 14, 2010
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12:21 PM
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Before the arrival of Europeans, the first Nations followed a wide array of mostly animistic religions. The first Europeans to settle in great numbers in Canada were French Latin rite Roman Catholics, including a large number of Jesuits dedicated to converting the natives, an effort that had only limited success.
The first large Protestant communities were formed in the Maritimes after they were conquered by the British. Unable to convince enough British immigrants to go to the region, the government decided to import continental Protestants from Germany and Switzerland to populate the region and counterbalance the Roman Catholic Acadians. This group was known as the Foreign Protestants. This effort proved successful and today the South Shore region of Nova Scotia is still largely Lutheran.
This pattern remained the same after the British conquest of all of New France in 1759. While originally plans to try to convert the Roman Catholic majority were in place, these were abandoned in the face of the American Revolution. The Quebec Act of 1774 acknowledged the rights of the Roman Catholic Church throughout Lower Canada in order to keep the French- Canadians loyal to Britain.
The American Revolution brought about a large influx of Protestants to Canada. United Empire Loyalists, fleeing the rebellious United States, moved in large number to Upper Canada and the Maritimes. They comprised a mix of Christian groups with a large number of Anglicans, but also many Presbyterians and Methodists.
In the early nineteenth century in the Maritimes and Upper Canada, the Anglican Church held the some official Position it did in the United kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland apart from Scotland where the official church, the Church of Scotland was Presbyterian.
Benjamin kidd, sociologist, Was born in Clare on September 9th 1858. His father, also Benjamin, was a constable with the Royal Irish Constabulary. Following a poor education, Benjamin Junior entered the Inland Revenue Department of the Civil Service in a minor capacity in 1877. He worked in obscurity there for seventeen years. However, his spare time was devoted to study and in 1894 his first work was published. It was entitled Social Evolution and it brought him financial success and international fame. The controversial book was a philosophical work based on the theme that religion is the hub of humanity. He believed that reason was selfish and short- sighted and was of no help to mankind in the more important crises of life. Some criticisms were leveled at the book, stating that the style was more suited to sensational journalism than to the exposition of philosophical ideas. The book contained a strong attack on socialism, a fact that commended it to the reactionary section of the public and ensured its success. The book was translated into ten la of articles commissioned by The times and later published under the title.nguages, including Arabic, Chinese, Czechoslovakian, French, German and Swedish.
The success of his work allowed Benjamin to retire from the Civil Service and between 1898 and 1902 he travelled extensively throughout America, Canada and Africa. These travels resulted in a series of articles Commissioned by The Times and later published under the title The Control of the Tropics. His book The principles of Western Civilization” was puplished in 1902.The subject matter was similar to his first book but was not as well received. It was described as long, verbose and obscure. In May 1908 Benjamin kidd delivered the Herbert Spencer Lecture to Oxford University. It was entitled Individualism and after” in 1910 he started work on his book The Science of power” in which he reiterated his ideas on religion and humanity. He also expressed the view that women was the great power in creating the” enthusiasm of the ideal” This book was published posthumously in 1918 and was a success. Kidd wrote the article “ Sociology” for the 1911 edition of Encyclopedia Britannica.
What Is Vitamin A?
Vitamin A is important to vision, especially the ability to see in the dark. A deficiency of vitamin A leads to xerophthalmia, which causes irreversible damage to the eyes and blindness. Vitamin A deficiency is a major cause of blindness in the world. Vitamin A is also important to maintaining healthy skin and it helps the body to resist infection.
Benefits of Vitamin A
Vitamin A is important for the immune system, and it keeps skin and mucous membrane cells healthy. Vitamin A helps to fight cancer by inhibiting the production of DNA in cancerous cells. It slows down tumor growth in established cancers and may keep leukemia cells from dividing.
What Is Vitamin B?
The B- complex vitamins are actually a group of eight vitamins which include
- Thiamine B1
- Riboflavin B2
-Niacin B3
-Pantothenic acid B5
-Cyanocobalamin B12
-Folic acid
-Biotin
These vitamins are essential for:
The breakdown of carbohydrates into glucose this provides energy for the body the breakdown of fats and proteins which aids the normal functioning of the nervous system
Muscle tone in the stomach and intestinal
Tract
Skin
Hair
Eyes
Mouth
Liver
Some doctors and nutritionists suggest taking the B- complex vitamins as a group for overall good health. However, most agree that the best way to get our B vitamins is naturally through the foods we eat.
Vitamin c
It is interesting to note that most animals produce their own vitamin C. Man, primate’s apes, chimps, et cetera and guinea pigs have lost this ability. Due to this similarity with man, guinea pigs have been subjected to experimentation over the years. Both vitamin C and the B vitamins are also stored in the liver.
What so important about Calcium?
Calcium is responsible for the development of bones and teeth and also plays a vital role in muscle contraction- this includes the heart- cell metabolism, and much more.
What is Calcium?
It is a basic chemical element that is classified as a mineral. It is the most abundant mineral in the body. Ninety- nine per cent of calcium is in our bones and teeth, with the remainder in our tissues and blood.
How does it work?
Calcium intake is regulated hormonally and also requires Vitamin D, which assists in its absorption into the body through the intestines and in keeping calcium in the body in balance. In childhood bones are being made at a rapid rate. In our middle adult years, the balance between bone making and bone breakdown in a healthy person is about equal. And then, as we age, more bone breakdown occurs, especially in women as they enter menopause. Calcium is a key player in all of this. Healthy bones at any age depend on how calcium is used to make them, how much is being released into the bloodstream as they breakdown, and then how that, along with new calcium we take in through our diet, is used again to remake our bones.
Thursday, March 11, 2010
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12:46 PM
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Origins
Marguerite was born in Troyes in the Champagne region of France in 1620. At the age of 20, s experienced a profound change in herself during a church procession that led her to set aside the frivolous things of life. By the time she met Monsieur de Maisonneuve, her qualities of leadership and her ability to gather people together for a common cause were well recognized.
Canada beckons
Marguerite Bourgeoys listened to Maisonnneuves request and agreed to accompany the recruitment of 1653 that would shore up the defences of Ville- Marie and its fifty- some inhabitants against the constant attacks of the Iroquois. During the treacherous sea voyage to the New World, she became nurse, confidante, support and firm friend to the men and women whose arrival tripled the population of Montreal.
Women of vision and warmth
Marguerite joined Maisonneuve and Jeanne Mance, the hospital administrator, as an equal in the affairs of the settlement. She understood that the women of the colony had a significant role to play in the future of Canada. Ever practical, she opened workshops where ordinary women learned skills that enabled them to earn a living. She welcomed the filles du roi whose coming provided stable.
families and guaranteed the survival of their new role and witnessed their marriage contracts.
A chapel, a school and a community of women
In 1655, she rallied the inhabitants of the town to help realize her dream of building a chapel of pilgrimage within easy walking distance of the settlement. After delays and some uncertainty, in 1675 Montreal’s first stone chapel was erected.
In the stable- School opened in 1658, the children of the colony learned the basics of their faith, as well as counting, reading and writing. The older girls learned household skills to prepare for their responsibilities as wives and mothers. And traditionally, on the feast of Saint Catherine in November, they all made taffy!
Once the school had opened, Marguerite Bourgeoys returned to France to find companions who shared her vision. Together they formed the nucleus of the Congregation de Notre- Dame, a community of uncloistered women. Ecclesiastical approval for such a radical lifestyle for women, unheard of at the time, was not granted until just two years before Marguerites death in 1700.
Back to the beginnings
Saint Marguerite Bourgeoys was canonized in 1982. A pioneer women who worked in an outpost of the French empire, she built house and established a farm, and opened schools for native children as well as for
Fat in normal women represents between 18 and 20 of body weight, whereas in men it represents only 10 to 15. The reason for this difference is that women at some points in their lives may nourish a fetus and then a baby from their own reserves, so women have to stock energy in the from of fat in anticipation of future pregnancies and must stock even more energy during the last two trimesters of pregnancy. For various reasons, different fat distributions occur in women according to climate. In hot countries, the fat is localized on the buttocks - Black Africans, the hips Mediterraneans, and around the navel certain Asians.
This distribution avoids covering the woman with a hot coat of Fat that would be difficult to bear and inefficient for thermoregulation during hot periods. In cold countries, the distribution of fat is more uniform, which provides for better protection during rigorous winters. However, the fat is distributed, its main function is for the survival of the species as it provides for survival of the women and her offspring during times of scarcity. It is important to note that all healthy people have fat reserves necessary for the proper functioning of their bodies. Obsession with obesity or the need to follow deviant aesthetic fashions should not lead to the complete elimination of fat.
Primary fat Deposits
Fat reserves accumulate in very specific areas on the body. Generally they avoid the flexion folds at the Joints in order not to interfere with movement. Fat accumulations are often distributed the same in both sexes, the main difference is in the greater development on certain areas in women.
Friday, February 12, 2010
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11:24 AM
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Adequate fluids are important for young athletes before, during and after intense exercise such as basket ball games or any other competitive, nonstop physical activity that leaves them hot and sweaty. Children need to take responsibility for drinking enough to urinate frequently. A sign of being adequately hydrated is urinating every 2 to 4 hours. The urine should be pale yellow, not dark and concentrated. Recommend kids fuel - up with a pre- exercise snack and tank- up with water or juice or low fat milk pre- exercise. They can then drink water during the event, and enjoy orange slices or fruit at breaks. Sports drinks are also an acceptable choice DURING hot, sweaty exercise such as a basket ball or soccer game, especially if the alternative is yucky tasting water. kids are likely to Although drinks more of a good- tasting fluid, hence reduce their risk of becoming dehydrated Although sports drinks can be appropriate during extended exercise on the playing field they have no place in child’s lunch box, at the dinner table, or for between- meal snacks. Sports drinks are simply sugar water- and they easily displace orange juice, low fat milk, and other beverages with nutritional value. Kids should be drinking at least three glasses of low fat milk per day for calcium and protein two nutrients important for strong, healthy athletes, as well as a glass of orange juice for vitamin c to boost the immune system and enhance healing By teaching children about quality calories, they can reap the lifelong benefits of a health -promoting sports diet.
In 1639, three Ursulines nuns from Tours and Bordeaux disembarked at Quebec City, under the direction of Marie de Incarnation. At the request of the Jesuits, they had come to convert Native women and girls, and to instruct the daughters of early colonists. Their clientele was formed of boarders and day pupils from all social classes.
At the beginning of the eighteenth century, a constant drop in the numbers of Native students led the Ursulines to devote themselves solely to the education of colonists’ daughters. Over the years, they added new subjects to the Sciences. Following the Conquest, they willingly welcomed the daughters of British adminstrators, and began to study this language as their precursors had done for the Algonquin, the Montagnais and the Huron in 1639.
It was, for that matter, an Englishwoman – Sister Esther Wheelwright, farmer captive of the Abenaki – who was elected Mother Superior of the Ursulines of Quebec City in 1760. in 1697, Monseigneur de St – Vallier, who did not have the financial means to support two establishments, sent several Ursulines to Trois – Riveres to found a hospital- school. An institution was also founded in Louisiana in 1727, when Ursulines came to teach, in addition to the ladies of the young colony, female savages, negroes and slaves.
The Congregation Notre- Dame
The Congregation Notre- Dame was made up of laywomen, which had been assembled into a community in 1658 under the direction of their founder Marguerite Bourgeoys 1620- 1700. This teaching community, although secular, was officially approved by King Louis xiv and Monseigneur de Laval in 1671. From his first day in 1685, Monseigneur de St- Vallier, second bishop of the Colony, insisted that the founder make it into a religious community, which went on to receive canonic recognition in 1698, despite the strong reservations of Marguerite Bourgeoys.
In 1760, the Congregation Notre Dame numbered 215 nuns, all born in Canada. They spread out across the colony, first to Montreal, where in 1658 Marguerite Bourgeoys opened a mixed school – mixed because there weren’t yet enough children of each sex for two schools – in a stable fournished by the colonists. The mixed school lasted until 1666. Ten years later, the Congregation opened a boarding school at Ville – Marie for the daughters of the nobility and the middle class, as well as an Ouvroir de la Providence at Pointe- Saint – Charles. This Ouvroir de la Providence consisted of a domestic sciences school, in which the nuns taught older girls the skills they would need to gain a livelihood as servants.
Friday, January 29, 2010
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10:33 AM
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Set in 1634, the Film begins in the tiny French settlement that will one day become Quebec City. There, Jesuit missionaries are trying to encourage the local Algonquin Indians to embrace Christianity, with thus far only limited results. Samuel de Champlain, founder of the settlement, sends Father LaForgue, a young Jesuit priest, to find a distant Catholic mission in a Huron village.
LaForgue is accompanied on his journey by a non- Jesuit assistant, Daniel, and a group of Algonquin Indians who Champlain has ordered to guide him to the Huron village. This group includes Chomina -an older, experienced traveller who has clairvoyant dreams -his wife and Annuka their daughter. As they journey across the lakes and Forests, Daniel and Annuka Fall in love, to the discomfort of the celibate LaFogue.
The group meets with a band of Montagnais Indians who have never met Frenchmen before. The Montagnais shaman is suspicious and implicitly Jealous] of Lafarge's influence over the Algonquians, and accuses him of being a devil. He encourages Chomia and the other Algonquians to abandon the two Frenchmen and travel instead to a winter hunting lodge. This they do, paddling away from the Frenchmen LaForge accept his Fate, but Daniel is determined to stay with Annuka and follows the Indians as they march across the forest. When one Indian tries to shoot Daniel, Chomia is consumed by guilt at having betraying Champlain's trust, and he and the other Algonquians return with Daniel to try to find LaForge.
However, as they recover LaForge, a party of Iroquois attacks them, killing Chomias wife and taking the rest captive. They are taken to an Iroquois fortress, where they are beaten and told they will be slowly tortured to death. Annuka helps them escape by seducing a guard, but Chomina is mortally wounded. They are forced to leave Chomina to freeze to death in the snow, LaForge tries, unsuccessfully, to persuade Chomina to embrace Christ before he dies. When Chomina dies, he sees the She- Manitou appearing to him.
Annuka and Daniel take LaForge to the outskirts of the Huron settlement, but leave him to enter it alone, because Chomina had dreamed that this must happen. LaForgue finds all but one of the French inhabitants’ dead, murdered by the Hurons who blamed them for a smallpox epidemic. The last survivor tells LaForgue that the Hurons Are dying and he should offer to save them by baptizing them. LaForgue confronts the Hurons. When their leader asks Laforgue if he loves them, Laforgue thinks of the faces of all the Indians he has met on his journey, and answers yes. The leader then asks him to baptizing them, and the Hurons accept Christianity. The film ends with a golden sunrise, but then an intertile explains that fifteen years later the Hurons were massacred by the Iroquois, and the French mission was destroyed.
Thursday, January 14, 2010
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1:01 PM
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I have taken all knowledge to be my province / From a letter to Lord Burleigh, 1592]. Bacons ambition was not merely to master all knowledge, but to reform it, especially the way by which new knowledge was to be acquired. The method was to be inductive and experimental, amassing data on important subjects, classifying them, and developing From them wider rules and hypotheses Like Paraceisus, Bacon rejected the old Aristotelian learning stil taught in the Universities, and proposed a new method, a new logic, in his Novum Orgamum. Bacon was not himself a distinguished scientist, though he dabbled in experiment, his importance is in the way he articulated what was to become the dominant mode of thought. Discovering truth Bacon eloquently argued that deductive reasoning should be replaced by inductive [ scientific] reasoning; There are and can be only two ways of searching into and discovering truth. to the most general and From these principles, the truth of which it takes for settled and immovable, proceeds to judgment and middle axioms. And this way is now in Fashion. The other derives axioms From the the senses and particulars, rising by a gradual and unbroken ascent, so that it arrives at the most general axioms last oF all. Tihis is the true way, but as yet untried.
Friday, January 8, 2010
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10:59 AM
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The Land God Gave to Cain,was jacques CARTIER's description of the northshore of the Gulf of St Lawrence, which he first sighted in 1534. Cartier was presumably alluding to Genesis 4, in which Cain,having killed his brother, is condenned to till land that is barren.
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